diff --git a/src/compiler/checker.ts b/src/compiler/checker.ts
index 4a5a85db1398b..c15a0ad2e5e82 100644
--- a/src/compiler/checker.ts
+++ b/src/compiler/checker.ts
@@ -13284,13 +13284,18 @@ namespace ts {
             return result & ObjectFlags.PropagatingFlags;
         }
 
+        function containsMarkerType(typeArguments: readonly Type[] | undefined) {
+            return some(typeArguments, t => t === markerSuperType || t === markerSubType || t === markerOtherType);
+        }
+
         function createTypeReference(target: GenericType, typeArguments: readonly Type[] | undefined): TypeReference {
             const id = getTypeListId(typeArguments);
             let type = target.instantiations.get(id);
             if (!type) {
                 type = createObjectType(ObjectFlags.Reference, target.symbol) as TypeReference;
                 target.instantiations.set(id, type);
-                type.objectFlags |= typeArguments ? getPropagatingFlagsOfTypes(typeArguments, /*excludeKinds*/ 0) : 0;
+                type.objectFlags |= (typeArguments ? getPropagatingFlagsOfTypes(typeArguments, /*excludeKinds*/ 0) : 0) |
+                    (containsMarkerType(typeArguments) ? ObjectFlags.MarkerType : 0);
                 type.target = target;
                 type.resolvedTypeArguments = typeArguments;
             }
@@ -17945,7 +17950,9 @@ namespace ts {
                 if (source.flags !== target.flags) return false;
                 if (source.flags & TypeFlags.Singleton) return true;
             }
-            if (source.flags & TypeFlags.Object && target.flags & TypeFlags.Object) {
+            // We skip the cache lookup shortcut when we're in a variance computation so the outofbandVarianceMarkerHandler
+            // will get called for cached results that are unreliable or unmeasurable.
+            if (source.flags & TypeFlags.Object && target.flags & TypeFlags.Object && !outofbandVarianceMarkerHandler) {
                 const related = relation.get(getRelationKey(source, target, IntersectionState.None, relation, /*ignoreConstraints*/ false));
                 if (related !== undefined) {
                     return !!(related & RelationComparisonResult.Succeeded);
@@ -19051,7 +19058,7 @@ namespace ts {
                 // the order in which things were checked.
                 if (sourceFlags & (TypeFlags.Object | TypeFlags.Conditional) && source.aliasSymbol &&
                     source.aliasTypeArguments && source.aliasSymbol === target.aliasSymbol &&
-                    !(source.aliasTypeArgumentsContainsMarker || target.aliasTypeArgumentsContainsMarker)) {
+                    !(containsMarkerType(source.aliasTypeArguments) || containsMarkerType(target.aliasTypeArguments))) {
                     const variances = getAliasVariances(source.aliasSymbol);
                     if (variances === emptyArray) {
                         return Ternary.Unknown;
@@ -20369,18 +20376,14 @@ namespace ts {
         // Return a type reference where the source type parameter is replaced with the target marker
         // type, and flag the result as a marker type reference.
         function getMarkerTypeReference(type: GenericType, source: TypeParameter, target: Type) {
-            const result = createTypeReference(type, map(type.typeParameters, t => t === source ? target : t));
-            result.objectFlags |= ObjectFlags.MarkerType;
-            return result;
+            return createTypeReference(type, map(type.typeParameters, t => t === source ? target : t));
         }
 
         function getAliasVariances(symbol: Symbol) {
             const links = getSymbolLinks(symbol);
-            return getVariancesWorker(links.typeParameters, links, (_links, param, marker) => {
-                const type = getTypeAliasInstantiation(symbol, instantiateTypes(links.typeParameters!, makeUnaryTypeMapper(param, marker)));
-                type.aliasTypeArgumentsContainsMarker = true;
-                return type;
-            });
+            return getVariancesWorker(links.typeParameters, links, (_links, param, marker) =>
+                getTypeAliasInstantiation(symbol, instantiateTypes(links.typeParameters!, makeUnaryTypeMapper(param, marker)))
+            );
         }
 
         // Return an array containing the variance of each type parameter. The variance is effectively
diff --git a/src/compiler/types.ts b/src/compiler/types.ts
index 54936e787bc7a..9c4b2cf7f5105 100644
--- a/src/compiler/types.ts
+++ b/src/compiler/types.ts
@@ -5227,7 +5227,6 @@ namespace ts {
         pattern?: DestructuringPattern;  // Destructuring pattern represented by type (if any)
         aliasSymbol?: Symbol;            // Alias associated with type
         aliasTypeArguments?: readonly Type[]; // Alias type arguments (if any)
-        /* @internal */ aliasTypeArgumentsContainsMarker?: boolean; // Alias type arguments (if any)
         /* @internal */
         permissiveInstantiation?: Type;  // Instantiation with type parameters mapped to wildcard type
         /* @internal */
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.errors.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..edf0961515262
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.errors.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+tests/cases/compiler/checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts(24,1): error TS2322: Type 'Parent1<unknown>' is not assignable to type 'Parent1<string>'.
+  Type 'unknown' is not assignable to type 'string'.
+tests/cases/compiler/checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts(51,1): error TS2322: Type 'Parent2<unknown>' is not assignable to type 'Parent2<string>'.
+  Type 'unknown' is not assignable to type 'string'.
+
+
+==== tests/cases/compiler/checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts (2 errors) ====
+    // Repro from #44572 with interface types
+    
+    interface Parent1<A> {
+        child: Child1<A>;
+        parent: Parent1<A>;
+    }
+    
+    interface Child1<A, B = unknown> extends Parent1<A> {
+        readonly a: A;
+        // This field isn't necessary to the repro, but the
+        // type parameter is, so including it
+        readonly b: B;
+    }
+    
+    function fn1<A>(inp: Child1<A>) {
+        // This assignability check defeats the later one
+        const a: Child1<unknown> = inp;
+    }
+    
+    declare let pu1: Parent1<unknown>;
+    declare let ps1: Parent1<string>;
+    
+    pu1 = ps1;  // Ok
+    ps1 = pu1;  // Error expected
+    ~~~
+!!! error TS2322: Type 'Parent1<unknown>' is not assignable to type 'Parent1<string>'.
+!!! error TS2322:   Type 'unknown' is not assignable to type 'string'.
+    
+    // Repro from #44572 with aliased object types
+    
+    type Parent2<A> = {
+        child: Child2<A>;
+        parent: Parent2<A>;
+    }
+    
+    type Child2<A, B = unknown> = {
+        child: Child2<A>;
+        parent: Parent2<A>;
+        readonly a: A;
+        // This field isn't necessary to the repro, but the
+        // type parameter is, so including it
+        readonly b: B;
+    }
+    
+    function fn2<A>(inp: Child2<A>) {
+        // This assignability check defeats the later one
+        const a: Child2<unknown> = inp;
+    }
+    
+    declare let pu2: Parent2<unknown>;
+    declare let ps2: Parent2<string>;
+    
+    pu2 = ps2;  // Ok
+    ps2 = pu2;  // Error expected
+    ~~~
+!!! error TS2322: Type 'Parent2<unknown>' is not assignable to type 'Parent2<string>'.
+!!! error TS2322:   Type 'unknown' is not assignable to type 'string'.
+    
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.js b/tests/baselines/reference/checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..3e88b08098bb1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.js
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+//// [checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts]
+// Repro from #44572 with interface types
+
+interface Parent1<A> {
+    child: Child1<A>;
+    parent: Parent1<A>;
+}
+
+interface Child1<A, B = unknown> extends Parent1<A> {
+    readonly a: A;
+    // This field isn't necessary to the repro, but the
+    // type parameter is, so including it
+    readonly b: B;
+}
+
+function fn1<A>(inp: Child1<A>) {
+    // This assignability check defeats the later one
+    const a: Child1<unknown> = inp;
+}
+
+declare let pu1: Parent1<unknown>;
+declare let ps1: Parent1<string>;
+
+pu1 = ps1;  // Ok
+ps1 = pu1;  // Error expected
+
+// Repro from #44572 with aliased object types
+
+type Parent2<A> = {
+    child: Child2<A>;
+    parent: Parent2<A>;
+}
+
+type Child2<A, B = unknown> = {
+    child: Child2<A>;
+    parent: Parent2<A>;
+    readonly a: A;
+    // This field isn't necessary to the repro, but the
+    // type parameter is, so including it
+    readonly b: B;
+}
+
+function fn2<A>(inp: Child2<A>) {
+    // This assignability check defeats the later one
+    const a: Child2<unknown> = inp;
+}
+
+declare let pu2: Parent2<unknown>;
+declare let ps2: Parent2<string>;
+
+pu2 = ps2;  // Ok
+ps2 = pu2;  // Error expected
+
+
+//// [checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.js]
+"use strict";
+// Repro from #44572 with interface types
+function fn1(inp) {
+    // This assignability check defeats the later one
+    var a = inp;
+}
+pu1 = ps1; // Ok
+ps1 = pu1; // Error expected
+function fn2(inp) {
+    // This assignability check defeats the later one
+    var a = inp;
+}
+pu2 = ps2; // Ok
+ps2 = pu2; // Error expected
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.symbols b/tests/baselines/reference/checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.symbols
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..aeaa39264c773
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.symbols
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+=== tests/cases/compiler/checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts ===
+// Repro from #44572 with interface types
+
+interface Parent1<A> {
+>Parent1 : Symbol(Parent1, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 0, 0))
+>A : Symbol(A, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 2, 18))
+
+    child: Child1<A>;
+>child : Symbol(Parent1.child, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 2, 22))
+>Child1 : Symbol(Child1, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 5, 1))
+>A : Symbol(A, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 2, 18))
+
+    parent: Parent1<A>;
+>parent : Symbol(Parent1.parent, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 3, 21))
+>Parent1 : Symbol(Parent1, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 0, 0))
+>A : Symbol(A, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 2, 18))
+}
+
+interface Child1<A, B = unknown> extends Parent1<A> {
+>Child1 : Symbol(Child1, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 5, 1))
+>A : Symbol(A, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 7, 17))
+>B : Symbol(B, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 7, 19))
+>Parent1 : Symbol(Parent1, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 0, 0))
+>A : Symbol(A, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 7, 17))
+
+    readonly a: A;
+>a : Symbol(Child1.a, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 7, 53))
+>A : Symbol(A, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 7, 17))
+
+    // This field isn't necessary to the repro, but the
+    // type parameter is, so including it
+    readonly b: B;
+>b : Symbol(Child1.b, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 8, 18))
+>B : Symbol(B, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 7, 19))
+}
+
+function fn1<A>(inp: Child1<A>) {
+>fn1 : Symbol(fn1, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 12, 1))
+>A : Symbol(A, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 14, 13))
+>inp : Symbol(inp, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 14, 16))
+>Child1 : Symbol(Child1, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 5, 1))
+>A : Symbol(A, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 14, 13))
+
+    // This assignability check defeats the later one
+    const a: Child1<unknown> = inp;
+>a : Symbol(a, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 16, 9))
+>Child1 : Symbol(Child1, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 5, 1))
+>inp : Symbol(inp, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 14, 16))
+}
+
+declare let pu1: Parent1<unknown>;
+>pu1 : Symbol(pu1, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 19, 11))
+>Parent1 : Symbol(Parent1, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 0, 0))
+
+declare let ps1: Parent1<string>;
+>ps1 : Symbol(ps1, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 20, 11))
+>Parent1 : Symbol(Parent1, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 0, 0))
+
+pu1 = ps1;  // Ok
+>pu1 : Symbol(pu1, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 19, 11))
+>ps1 : Symbol(ps1, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 20, 11))
+
+ps1 = pu1;  // Error expected
+>ps1 : Symbol(ps1, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 20, 11))
+>pu1 : Symbol(pu1, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 19, 11))
+
+// Repro from #44572 with aliased object types
+
+type Parent2<A> = {
+>Parent2 : Symbol(Parent2, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 23, 10))
+>A : Symbol(A, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 27, 13))
+
+    child: Child2<A>;
+>child : Symbol(child, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 27, 19))
+>Child2 : Symbol(Child2, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 30, 1))
+>A : Symbol(A, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 27, 13))
+
+    parent: Parent2<A>;
+>parent : Symbol(parent, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 28, 21))
+>Parent2 : Symbol(Parent2, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 23, 10))
+>A : Symbol(A, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 27, 13))
+}
+
+type Child2<A, B = unknown> = {
+>Child2 : Symbol(Child2, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 30, 1))
+>A : Symbol(A, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 32, 12))
+>B : Symbol(B, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 32, 14))
+
+    child: Child2<A>;
+>child : Symbol(child, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 32, 31))
+>Child2 : Symbol(Child2, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 30, 1))
+>A : Symbol(A, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 32, 12))
+
+    parent: Parent2<A>;
+>parent : Symbol(parent, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 33, 21))
+>Parent2 : Symbol(Parent2, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 23, 10))
+>A : Symbol(A, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 32, 12))
+
+    readonly a: A;
+>a : Symbol(a, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 34, 23))
+>A : Symbol(A, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 32, 12))
+
+    // This field isn't necessary to the repro, but the
+    // type parameter is, so including it
+    readonly b: B;
+>b : Symbol(b, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 35, 18))
+>B : Symbol(B, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 32, 14))
+}
+
+function fn2<A>(inp: Child2<A>) {
+>fn2 : Symbol(fn2, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 39, 1))
+>A : Symbol(A, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 41, 13))
+>inp : Symbol(inp, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 41, 16))
+>Child2 : Symbol(Child2, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 30, 1))
+>A : Symbol(A, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 41, 13))
+
+    // This assignability check defeats the later one
+    const a: Child2<unknown> = inp;
+>a : Symbol(a, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 43, 9))
+>Child2 : Symbol(Child2, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 30, 1))
+>inp : Symbol(inp, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 41, 16))
+}
+
+declare let pu2: Parent2<unknown>;
+>pu2 : Symbol(pu2, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 46, 11))
+>Parent2 : Symbol(Parent2, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 23, 10))
+
+declare let ps2: Parent2<string>;
+>ps2 : Symbol(ps2, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 47, 11))
+>Parent2 : Symbol(Parent2, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 23, 10))
+
+pu2 = ps2;  // Ok
+>pu2 : Symbol(pu2, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 46, 11))
+>ps2 : Symbol(ps2, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 47, 11))
+
+ps2 = pu2;  // Error expected
+>ps2 : Symbol(ps2, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 47, 11))
+>pu2 : Symbol(pu2, Decl(checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts, 46, 11))
+
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.types b/tests/baselines/reference/checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.types
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..29bd7a004ae0c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.types
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+=== tests/cases/compiler/checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts ===
+// Repro from #44572 with interface types
+
+interface Parent1<A> {
+    child: Child1<A>;
+>child : Child1<A, unknown>
+
+    parent: Parent1<A>;
+>parent : Parent1<A>
+}
+
+interface Child1<A, B = unknown> extends Parent1<A> {
+    readonly a: A;
+>a : A
+
+    // This field isn't necessary to the repro, but the
+    // type parameter is, so including it
+    readonly b: B;
+>b : B
+}
+
+function fn1<A>(inp: Child1<A>) {
+>fn1 : <A>(inp: Child1<A>) => void
+>inp : Child1<A, unknown>
+
+    // This assignability check defeats the later one
+    const a: Child1<unknown> = inp;
+>a : Child1<unknown, unknown>
+>inp : Child1<A, unknown>
+}
+
+declare let pu1: Parent1<unknown>;
+>pu1 : Parent1<unknown>
+
+declare let ps1: Parent1<string>;
+>ps1 : Parent1<string>
+
+pu1 = ps1;  // Ok
+>pu1 = ps1 : Parent1<string>
+>pu1 : Parent1<unknown>
+>ps1 : Parent1<string>
+
+ps1 = pu1;  // Error expected
+>ps1 = pu1 : Parent1<unknown>
+>ps1 : Parent1<string>
+>pu1 : Parent1<unknown>
+
+// Repro from #44572 with aliased object types
+
+type Parent2<A> = {
+>Parent2 : Parent2<A>
+
+    child: Child2<A>;
+>child : Child2<A, unknown>
+
+    parent: Parent2<A>;
+>parent : Parent2<A>
+}
+
+type Child2<A, B = unknown> = {
+>Child2 : Child2<A, B>
+
+    child: Child2<A>;
+>child : Child2<A, unknown>
+
+    parent: Parent2<A>;
+>parent : Parent2<A>
+
+    readonly a: A;
+>a : A
+
+    // This field isn't necessary to the repro, but the
+    // type parameter is, so including it
+    readonly b: B;
+>b : B
+}
+
+function fn2<A>(inp: Child2<A>) {
+>fn2 : <A>(inp: Child2<A>) => void
+>inp : Child2<A, unknown>
+
+    // This assignability check defeats the later one
+    const a: Child2<unknown> = inp;
+>a : Child2<unknown, unknown>
+>inp : Child2<A, unknown>
+}
+
+declare let pu2: Parent2<unknown>;
+>pu2 : Parent2<unknown>
+
+declare let ps2: Parent2<string>;
+>ps2 : Parent2<string>
+
+pu2 = ps2;  // Ok
+>pu2 = ps2 : Parent2<string>
+>pu2 : Parent2<unknown>
+>ps2 : Parent2<string>
+
+ps2 = pu2;  // Error expected
+>ps2 = pu2 : Parent2<unknown>
+>ps2 : Parent2<string>
+>pu2 : Parent2<unknown>
+
diff --git a/tests/baselines/reference/flatArrayNoExcessiveStackDepth.errors.txt b/tests/baselines/reference/flatArrayNoExcessiveStackDepth.errors.txt
index 8933563702677..97aaa56294068 100644
--- a/tests/baselines/reference/flatArrayNoExcessiveStackDepth.errors.txt
+++ b/tests/baselines/reference/flatArrayNoExcessiveStackDepth.errors.txt
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ tests/cases/compiler/flatArrayNoExcessiveStackDepth.ts(20,5): error TS2322: Type
         Type 'unknown' is not assignable to type 'Arr extends readonly (infer InnerArr)[] ? FlatArray<InnerArr, [-1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20][D]> : Arr'.
           Type 'FlatArray<InnerArr, 0 | 2 | 1 | -1 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20>' is not assignable to type 'FlatArray<InnerArr, [-1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20][D]>'.
             Type 'InnerArr' is not assignable to type 'FlatArray<InnerArr, [-1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20][D]>'.
-              Type 'InnerArr' is not assignable to type '(InnerArr extends readonly (infer InnerArr)[] ? FlatArray<InnerArr, [-1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20][[-1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20][D]]> : InnerArr) & InnerArr'.
+              Type 'InnerArr' is not assignable to type 'InnerArr & (InnerArr extends readonly (infer InnerArr)[] ? FlatArray<InnerArr, [-1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20][[-1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20][D]]> : InnerArr)'.
                 Type 'InnerArr' is not assignable to type 'InnerArr extends readonly (infer InnerArr)[] ? FlatArray<InnerArr, [-1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20][[-1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20][D]]> : InnerArr'.
 
 
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ tests/cases/compiler/flatArrayNoExcessiveStackDepth.ts(20,5): error TS2322: Type
 !!! error TS2322:         Type 'unknown' is not assignable to type 'Arr extends readonly (infer InnerArr)[] ? FlatArray<InnerArr, [-1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20][D]> : Arr'.
 !!! error TS2322:           Type 'FlatArray<InnerArr, 0 | 2 | 1 | -1 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20>' is not assignable to type 'FlatArray<InnerArr, [-1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20][D]>'.
 !!! error TS2322:             Type 'InnerArr' is not assignable to type 'FlatArray<InnerArr, [-1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20][D]>'.
-!!! error TS2322:               Type 'InnerArr' is not assignable to type '(InnerArr extends readonly (infer InnerArr)[] ? FlatArray<InnerArr, [-1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20][[-1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20][D]]> : InnerArr) & InnerArr'.
+!!! error TS2322:               Type 'InnerArr' is not assignable to type 'InnerArr & (InnerArr extends readonly (infer InnerArr)[] ? FlatArray<InnerArr, [-1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20][[-1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20][D]]> : InnerArr)'.
 !!! error TS2322:                 Type 'InnerArr' is not assignable to type 'InnerArr extends readonly (infer InnerArr)[] ? FlatArray<InnerArr, [-1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20][[-1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20][D]]> : InnerArr'.
     }
     
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/cases/compiler/checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts b/tests/cases/compiler/checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..4445165a79d73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cases/compiler/checkOrderDependenceGenericAssignability.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+// @strict: true
+
+// Repro from #44572 with interface types
+
+interface Parent1<A> {
+    child: Child1<A>;
+    parent: Parent1<A>;
+}
+
+interface Child1<A, B = unknown> extends Parent1<A> {
+    readonly a: A;
+    // This field isn't necessary to the repro, but the
+    // type parameter is, so including it
+    readonly b: B;
+}
+
+function fn1<A>(inp: Child1<A>) {
+    // This assignability check defeats the later one
+    const a: Child1<unknown> = inp;
+}
+
+declare let pu1: Parent1<unknown>;
+declare let ps1: Parent1<string>;
+
+pu1 = ps1;  // Ok
+ps1 = pu1;  // Error expected
+
+// Repro from #44572 with aliased object types
+
+type Parent2<A> = {
+    child: Child2<A>;
+    parent: Parent2<A>;
+}
+
+type Child2<A, B = unknown> = {
+    child: Child2<A>;
+    parent: Parent2<A>;
+    readonly a: A;
+    // This field isn't necessary to the repro, but the
+    // type parameter is, so including it
+    readonly b: B;
+}
+
+function fn2<A>(inp: Child2<A>) {
+    // This assignability check defeats the later one
+    const a: Child2<unknown> = inp;
+}
+
+declare let pu2: Parent2<unknown>;
+declare let ps2: Parent2<string>;
+
+pu2 = ps2;  // Ok
+ps2 = pu2;  // Error expected